罗素对于生活真的可以称之为洞察，既有广度，又有深度。
以下的文字里就深深挖掘了我们每个人都常常体会，却隐藏得很深很深的感受——疲劳，或者说疲惫。
我发现，书中所提到的一些案例并非个案，事实上在我们现实生活中也普遍存在。比如我们赶早班地铁时的感受，比如有时面对老板和工作的感受，又比如夜半失眠的感受等等。
我个人的感觉，其中比较典型的情况就是：当我们遭遇情感障碍或者一些生活困扰的时候，并没有选择真正去面对这些问题，而是选择了逃避，而最常见的逃避方式就是更老婆打电话说：我今天要加班。
或许，他真的在忙乎工作，但这些工作真的有那么急吗？工作效率真的高吗？这很难说，重要的是他逃避了与家人碰面相处时的尴尬和忐忑。
其实，逃避无助于解决问题，如果没有老天帮忙，只会一天天加重自己内心的负担，由量变导致质变，直至某一天再也承受不了——情绪崩溃，那根弦断了！
其实，面对担忧、恐惧等等，最好的办法是面对，举例说明：
1、惧怕演讲？
其实对演讲的惧怕其实主要来自于两个方面：
1）的确是缺乏在众人面前讲话的经验，所以害羞或者恐惧未知，这个只要讲的多了自然会好。
2）肚子里没货，或者说准备不够充分。如果真的满腹才华，真的做了充分的准备，比如如何开始进行破冰；比如充分了解大家想听的是什么，然后提前准备；比如预估大家会有什么疑问，如何进行解答；比如害怕演讲时不妨增加互动等等，有很多的方法可以解决这个问题。
2、因担忧某些事情而焦虑，甚至无法入眠？
1）真的需要用自我解剖的狠劲面对自己，不逃避，不回避，确认自己到底在担心些什么？
2）确认问题之后，如果是能力欠缺，那么该提升自己则努力提升；如果是别的不足，也可以有针对性地想办法解决。
3）自己的努力其实未必能彻底解决问题，但就如罗素说的，其实很多事情没什么大不了的。当你真的面对了，反而会释然。比如，你惧怕女朋友跟自己分手，但如果最终还是分手了，其实也就那么回事。谁还没失过恋呢，是吧？哭啊哭的就习惯了，然后慢慢哭的就少了，最后就不哭了。为什么？淡忘了呗、习惯分开的状态了呗。说不定交一个新的朋友，一切就忽然变得好起来了。时间其实是个好医生，能治好很多病，只是治疗过程慢了点，治疗手法也粗糙了点，有点痛很正常。又比如，缺钱的去想各种办法赚钱，尽力了就好，实在没那本事，咱就认了，赚简单的钱，少赚点，也不会饿死，对不？起码，咱努力过，这就好。
说到底，人人都该是糙货，抗折腾，生存本能强大。
一切都会好的，就算不好，也折腾不死，对不？
我们，需要一个好的心态。
以下为正文。
Chapter 5: Fatigue
第五章 疲劳
Fatigue is of many sorts, some of which are a much graver obstacle to happiness than others. Purely physical fatigue, provided it is not excessive, tends if anything to be a cause of happiness; it leads to sound sleep and a good appetite, and gives zest to the pleasures that are possible on holidays. But when it is excessive it becomes a very grave evil. Peasant women in all but the most advanced communities are old at thirty, worn out with excessive toil. Children in the early days of industrialism were stunted in their growth and frequently killed by overwork in early years. The same thing still happens in China and Japan, where industrialism is new; to some extent also in the Southern States of America. Physical labour carried beyond a certain point is atrocious torture, and it has very frequently been carried so far as to make life all but unbearable. In the most advanced parts of the modern world, however, physical fatigue has been much minimised through the improvement of industrial conditions.
疲劳有很多种，其中一些会极大地阻碍你获得幸福，另一些则不然。
纯粹身体上的疲惫，如果不是很过度的话，反而可能变成快乐舒适的起因。疲惫过后会带给人充足的睡眠和好胃口，让你对假日里可能的欢乐充满兴趣。但是，一旦疲劳过度的话，就会产生极大的危害。
除了在高度发达的地方，几乎所有农村妇女都因过度的辛苦劳作耗尽了精力，很多人30岁就变得衰老不堪，变成了黄脸婆。在工业革命早期，儿童们常常因过度劳累而发育不良，有些甚至因此而夭折。如今，同样的事情也依然在刚刚步入工业时代的中国和日本发生；而美国南部各州也在某种程度上存在这样的情况。
一旦超过某一限度，体力劳动就会变成残酷的折磨，而很多人为了求生却不得不频繁地承受着这一切，不得不挣扎在崩溃的边缘。幸运的是，在现代世界的大多数发达地区，人们身体上的疲惫已经因工业生产条件的改进而大大缓解。
The kind of fatigue that is most serious in the present day in advanced communities is nervous fatigue. This kind, oddly enough, is most pronounced among the well-to-do, and tends to be much less among wage-earners than it is among business men and brain-workers.
如今，发达地区最严重的疲劳不再是身体的疲惫，而是神经紧张和精神上的疲惫。奇怪的是，这种疲惫多见于富裕阶层，同时，这种情况在工薪阶层中出现的情况比之商人和脑力工作者要少很多。
To escape from nervous fatigue in modern life is a very difficult thing. In the first place, all through working hours, and still more in the time spent between work and home, the urban worker is exposed to noise, most of which, it is true, he learns not to hear consciously, but which none the less wears him out, all the more owing to the subconscious effort involved in not hearing it. Another thing which causes fatigue without our being aware of it is the constant presence of strangers. The natural instinct of man, as of other animals, is to investigate every stranger of his species, with a view to deciding whether to behave to him in a friendly or hostile manner. This instinct has to be inhibited by those who travel in the underground in the rush-hour, and the result of inhibiting it is that they feel a general diffused rage against all the strangers with whom they are brought into this involuntary contact. Then there is the hurry to catch the morning train, with the resulting dyspepsia. Consequently, by the time the office is reached and the day's work begins, the black-coated worker already has frayed nerves and a tendency to view the human race as a nuisance. His employer, arriving in the same mood, does nothing to dissipate it in the employee. Fear of the sack compels respectful behaviour, but this unnatural conduct only adds to the nervous strain. If once a week employees were allowed to pull the employer's nose and otherwise indicate what they thought of him, the nervous tension for them would be relieved, but for the employer, who also has his troubles, this would not mend matters. What the fear of dismissal is to the employee, the fear of bankruptcy is to the employer. Some, it is true, are big enough to be above this fear, but to reach a great position of this kind they have generally had to pass through years of strenuous struggle, during which they had to be actively aware of events in all parts of the world and constantly foiling the machinations of their competitors. The result of all this is that when sound success comes， a man is already a nervous wreck, so accustomed to anxiety that he cannot shake off the habit of it when the need for it is past. There are, it is true, rich men's sons, but they generally succeed in manufacturing for themselves anxieties as similar as possible to those that they would have suffered if they had not been born rich. By betting and gambling, they incur the displeasure of their fathers; by cutting short their sleep for the sake of their amusements, they debilitate their physique; and by the time they settle down, they have become as incapable of happiness as their fathers were before them. Voluntarily or involuntarily, of choice or of necessity, most moderns lead a nerve-racking life, and are continually too tired to be capable of enjoyment without the help of alcohol.
在现代生活中，想要从神经性疲劳中逃脱出来是件很困难的事情。
首先，在整个工作时间里，以及花在单位和家之间、上下班的时间里，城市劳动者都暴露在噪音笼罩中。这其中大部分时候，他学着有意识地让自己不要去听，但反而因为潜意识里努力逃避噪音而让自己精疲力尽。
另一种我们还未意识到，但令我们感到疲劳的事情是，陌生的人和事在我们眼前不断地出现。而人和其它动物都有一样的本能，习惯于去探究和感受陌生同类，好决定到底要用友好的，还是敌对的态度来面对他。
当人们在高峰期乘坐地铁时，面对许许多多的陌生人，人们虽然心有犹疑，但不得不压抑着自己的天性。而约束的结果就是，他们对所有这些陌生者无声地散发着心中的愤怒——而这些陌生人其实也是被无辜地卷入了与他的潜在的、无意识的接触。
随后，人们又急匆匆地去赶早班火车，而这又会让他消化不良。最后，等赶到办公室，一天的工作刚刚开始，这位兄弟早已满脸铁青，神经紧张，心情烦躁，把整个人类都看作了可恶的、令人厌烦的东西和大麻烦。
其实，他的雇主也会带着同样的情绪，对雇员身上的疲劳和压力视而不见。雇员们因为害怕被雇主解雇，所以强迫自己做出尊敬的样子，但这种非自然的行为只会加剧神经紧张。
如果雇主允许雇员们每周都有一次机会去拽拽他的鼻子，或者让雇员们说出自己对于雇主的看法，或许会缓解雇员们的精神紧张状态。但对于雇主自己来说，他也有自己的麻烦，这并不能解决他的问题。
一般情况下，雇员们怕的是解雇，而雇主害怕的则是破产，但确实有这样一些人，他们已足够壮大，所以无须恐惧。但在取得这样的地位之前，他们一般都经过多年艰难的拼搏。在这期间，他们必须时时注意了解世界各地的情况变化，并不断击败竞争对手的阴谋诡计。所有这一切带来的结果就是，当成功来临时，他已经神经过敏了，早已习惯于焦虑状态，即使已经没有焦虑的必要，他还是没办法摆脱这种习惯状态。
确实，有些人是富豪的儿子，所以他们生而富裕，但是他们通常也会给自己制造焦虑，就如同倘若他们不是富二代的话所要承受的焦虑一样。
他们会打赌赌博，令他们的父辈不快；他们会寻欢作乐，通宵达旦，渐渐地弄垮自己的身体。等他们的心性安定下来的时候，他们已经跟之前的父辈一样，失去了幸福的能力。
不管是出于自愿还是身不由己，也不管是自主决定还是无奈选择，大多数现代人过着神经高度紧张的生活，也因此变得疲惫不堪，如果没有酒精的帮助，他们就失去了享受快乐的可能。
Leaving on one side those rich men who are merely fools, let us consider the commoner case of those whose fatigue is associated with strenuous work for a living. To a great extent fatigue in such cases is due to worry, and worry could be prevented by a better philosophy of life and a little more mental discipline. Most men and women are very deficient in control over their thoughts. I mean by this that they cannot cease to think about worrying topics at times when no action can be taken in regard to them. Men take their business worries to bed with them, and in the hours of the night, when they should be gaining fresh strength to cope with tomorrow's troubles, they are going over and over again in their minds problems about which at the moment they can do nothing, thinking about them, not in a way to produce a sound line of conduct on the morrow, but in that half-insane way that characterises the troubled meditations of insomnia. Something of the midnight madness still clings about them in the morning, clouding their judgement, spoiling their temper, and making every obstacle infuriating.
把那些愚蠢的有钱人放在一边，我们来看看那些为了生活不得不承受高强度工作的人，谈谈他们这些普通人的疲惫。
在很大程度上，他们的疲惫源自担忧，而这种担忧可以经由更适合的生活哲学和一定的精神训练而避免。大多数人非常缺乏对自己的思想的控制，我的意思是，面对自己暂时无法采取行动解决的问题，他们没办法控制自己，时不时地总会想起自己担心的事情。
在夜里这几个小时，他们本应恢复疲劳，以获得新生的力量去应对明天的烦恼，但是男人们还是带着业务上的烦恼上床休息。躺在床上，他们的脑海里还在翻来覆去地想着问题，而实际上，此时此刻，他们对这些难题也无能无力。他们并没有为第二天想出可行的行动方案，这仅是失眠时特有的、半疯狂的胡思乱想。
当清晨来临，夜半时的疯狂迷乱依然缠绕着他，如迷雾般影响了他的判断，也让他的脾气 变得更烦躁，工作中每一个障碍都会令他感到愤怒。
The wise man thinks about his troubles only when there is some purpose in doing so; at other times he thinks about other things, or, if it is night, about nothing at all. I do not mean to suggest that at a great crisis, for example, when ruin is imminent, or when a man has reason to suspect that his wife is deceiving him, it is possible, except to a few exceptionally disciplined minds, to shut out the trouble at moments when nothing can be done about it. But it is quite possible to shut out the ordinary troubles of ordinary days, except while they have to be dealt with. It is amazing how much both happiness and efficiency can be increased by the cultivation of an orderly mind, which thinks about a matter adequately at the right time rather than inadequately at all times. When a difficult or worrying decision has to be reached, as soon as all the data are available, give the matter your best thought and make your decision; having made the decision, do not revise it unless some new fact comes to your knowledge. Nothing is so exhausting as indecision, and nothing is so futile.
智者只有出于特定目的才会考虑他的烦恼事，在别的时间则思考其他的事情；或者，在晚上的时候则彻底放空自己，什么都不想。
我并不建议在遇到大的危机，比如说毁灭性危机将来临，或者有理由怀疑妻子的忠贞时也同样如此。类似情况是有可能发生的，但除非你经过特别训练，是特别自律的人，否则在自己无能为力的时刻，你根本做不到将这些烦恼置于脑后。
以上是特殊情况，但除非我们正在处理这些麻烦，否则，我们确实很可能做到将日常的一些小麻烦丢在风里。
培养有序的思维习惯能够令人惊异地大幅提升幸福感和办事效率，由此，人们可以做到在正确的时间思考麻烦事，而非整天胡思乱想。
倘或你需要做出一个困难而令人担忧的决定，那么，只要你能够得到完备的资料，那么在充分思考之后就针对这难题做出决定。而一旦做出决定就不要轻易改变——除非你发现了新的、足以影响你判断的事实。
没什么比优柔寡断更让人精疲力竭的，也没什么比犹豫不决更徒劳无功的了。
A great many worries can be diminished by realising the unimportance of the matter which is causing the anxiety. I have done in my time a considerable amount of public speaking; at first every audience terrified me, and nervousness made me speak very badly; I dreaded the ordeal so much that I always hoped I might break my leg before I had to make a speech, and when it was over I was exhausted from the nervous strain. Gradually I taught myself to feel that it did not matter whether I spoke well or ill, the universe would remain much the same in either case. I found that the less I cared whether I spoke well or badly, the less badly I spoke, and gradually the nervous strain diminished almost to vanishing point. A great deal of nervous fatigue can be dealt with in this way. Our doings are not so important as we naturally suppose; our successes and failures do not after all matter very much. Even great sorrows can be survived; troubles which seem as if they must put an end to happiness for life fade with the lapse of time until it becomes almost impossible to remember their poignancy. But over and above these self-centred considerations is the fact that one's ego is no very large part of the world. The man who can centre his thoughts and hopes upon something transcending self can find a certain peace in the ordinary troubles of life which is impossible to the pure egoist.
其实，只要你意识到很多所忧虑的事情其实没那么重要，你的担心就会少很多。
我在以往的日子里做过很多次公开演讲，在刚开始的时候看到台下每一个听众，我都会感到恐惧和神经紧张，演讲效果自然很糟糕。我非常害怕这种折磨，甚至在不得不去演讲的时候恨不得打断自己的腿，所以， 每次演讲过后，我都因为精神紧张而觉得精疲力竭。
后来，我慢慢教会自己接受这样一种感觉，那就是无论我讲的好不好，无论演讲成功与否，都没什么大不了，一切再怎么糟糕，老天也还是跟以前一样，不会改变什么。然后，我发现自己越是不在乎演讲的好坏，演讲失败的情况就越少。而渐渐地，这种神经紧张的情况开始减少，到最后几乎完全消失。
许多种神经疲劳其实可以用这种方法来解决。我们的行为并不像我们自然而然想像的那么重要，我们成功与否归根到底没什么了不得。就算遭遇巨大的不幸，我们也可以慢慢熬过；就算是那些看起来会终结我们一生幸福的艰难，也会随着时光的流逝随风而去，直到最后，我们甚至会彻底将最后一丝心酸也从记忆中抹去。
如果超越这些仅仅以我们自己为中心的种种思虑，我们会发现，事实上一个人的自我意识相对于这个世界来说只是很小的一块。一个能够将自己所有的思想和希望聚焦于超越自我的事情之上的人，也能够超越日常生活中小小的烦恼，在心中寻得一片安宁的净土，而这对于一个纯粹的利己主义者来说绝不可能。
What might be called hygiene of the nerves has been much too little studied. Industrial psychology, it is true, has made elaborate investigations into fatigue, and has proved by careful statistics that if you go on doing something for a sufficiently long time you will ultimately get rather tired—a result which might have been guessed without so much parade of science. The study of fatigue by psychologists is mainly concerned with muscular fatigue, although there are also a certain number of studies of fatigue in school-children. None of these, however, touch upon the important problem.
所谓神经卫生学并没有得到多少重视和研究，而产业心理学已经对疲劳进行了详尽的调查研究，并且已经通过细致严谨的统计证明：如果你在一段足够长的时间里连续做某些事情，最终会觉得很累。但这种结果其实根本不需要大量科学知识的炫耀，只需猜想就能得到结论。
另外，在对于疲劳的研究方面，尽管有一定数量也针对学校的孩子们，但心理学家的主要研究方向还是集中在肌肉疲劳方面。这些研究中，没有一个触及到真正重要的问题。
The important kind of fatigue is always emotional in modern life; purely intellectual fatigue, like purely muscular fatigue, produces its own remedy in sleep. Any person who has a great deal of intellectual work, devoid of emotion, to do—say, for example, elaborate computations—will sleep off at the end of each day the fatigue that that day has brought. The harm that is attributed to overwork is hardly ever due to that cause, but to some kind of worry or anxiety. The trouble with emotional fatigue is that it interferes with rest. The more tired a man becomes, the more impossible he finds it to stop. One of the symptoms of approaching nervous breakdown is the belief that one's work is terribly important, and that to take a holiday would bring all kinds of disaster. If I were a medical man, I should prescribe a holiday to any patient who considered his work important. The nervous breakdown which appears to be produced by the work is, in fact, in every case that I have ever known of personally, produced by some emotional trouble from which the patient attempts to escape by means of his work. He is loath to give up his work because, if he does so, he will no longer have anything to distract him from the thoughts of his misfortune, whatever it may be. Of course, the trouble may be fear of bankruptcy, and in that case his work is directly connected with his worry, but even then worry is likely to lead him to work so long that his judgement becomes clouded and bankruptcy comes sooner than if he worked less. In every case it is the emotional trouble, not the work, that causes the breakdown.
在现代生活中，真正重要的疲劳往往是情绪方面的，而纯粹的精神疲劳和纯粹的肉体疲劳一样，可以通过睡眠得到恢复。
无论是谁，只要他从事着无须情绪卷入的、大量的脑力工作，比如复杂的计算等等，他都会在每天忙完的时候通过睡眠来缓解工作所带来的疲惫。
我们将有些伤害简单地归因于过度的劳作，但其实并非如此，真正带来伤害的是某种形式的担忧和焦虑。
情绪性疲劳的麻烦之处在于，它会影响你的休息。一个人越是疲惫，就越是没法停下来。接近于神经崩溃的征兆之一就是偏执地相信自己的工作极端重要，而给自己放个假就会给自己带来各种各样无法挽回的灾难。
如果我就是医生，我会给任何一位把自己的工作看得极端重要的病人开一个处方，那就是放假，彻底放松，好好休息！
神经崩溃貌似是因为工作而导致的，但事实上，就我自己所知的每一个案例来说，都是由于病人遭遇了情感障碍，但又想要通过工作来排解和逃避，这才是导致神经崩溃的真正原因。
病人之所不愿意抛下手里的工作，不是因为工作重要，而是因为如果真的这样做，他就再没有什么办法来转移注意力，让自己从那些纠缠着自己的、对自己不幸往事的想法中逃离出来，至于这不幸到底是什么，并不影响他的做法。
当然，他的麻烦可能是对破产的恐惧，这时他的工作就与他的担忧直接相关了，但是，即使是这样，这种担忧有可能使他掉进长时间工作的旋涡，带来的结果是影响自己的判断力，而破产到来的时间可能比他很少工作更早。而在所有案例中，导致人们神经崩溃的原因都不是工作，而是情感障碍。
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